kozea/cairosvg · Security
Regular Expression Denial of Service in CairoSVG
- GHSA ID
- GHSA-hq37-853p-g5cf
- CVE ID
- CVE-2021-21236
- Severity
- high
- Published
- Updated
- CVSS
- 7.5 · CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
- CVSS v3
- 7.5 · CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
- CVSS v4
- 7.7 · CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P
Description
Doyensec Vulnerability Advisory
- Regular Expression Denial of Service (REDoS) in cairosvg
- Affected Product: CairoSVG v2.0.0+
- Vendor: https://github.com/Kozea
- Severity: Medium
- Vulnerability Class: Denial of Service
- Author(s): Ben Caller (Doyensec)
Summary
When processing SVG files, the python package CairoSVG uses two regular expressions which are vulnerable to Regular Expression Denial of Service (REDoS). If an attacker provides a malicious SVG, it can make cairosvg get stuck processing the file for a very long time.
Technical description
The vulnerable regular expressions are
The section between 'rgb(' and the final ')' contains multiple overlapping groups.
Since all three infinitely repeating groups accept spaces, a long string of spaces causes catastrophic backtracking when it is not followed by a closing parenthesis.
The complexity is cubic, so doubling the length of the malicious string of spaces makes processing take 8 times as long.
Reproduction steps
Create a malicious SVG of the form:
<svg width="1" height="1"><rect fill="rgb( ;"/></svg>
with the following code:
'<svg width="1" height="1"><rect fill="rgb(' + (' ' * 3456) + ';"/></svg>'
Note that there is no closing parenthesis before the semi-colon.
Run cairosvg e.g.:
cairosvg cairo-redos.svg -o x.png
and notice that it hangs at 100% CPU. Increasing the number of spaces increases the processing time with cubic complexity.
Remediation
Fix the regexes to avoid overlapping parts. Perhaps remove the [ \n\r\t]* groups from the regex, and use .strip() on the returned capture group.
Disclosure timeline
- 2020-12-30: Vulnerability disclosed via email to CourtBouillon
CWEs
- CWE-400 · Uncontrolled Resource Consumption
References
- https://github.com/Kozea/CairoSVG/security/advisories/GHSA-hq37-853p-g5cf ↗
- https://github.com/Kozea/CairoSVG/commit/cfc9175e590531d90384aa88845052de53d94bf3 ↗
- https://github.com/Kozea/CairoSVG/releases/tag/2.5.1 ↗
- https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-21236 ↗
- https://github.com/pypa/advisory-database/tree/main/vulns/cairosvg/PYSEC-2021-5.yaml ↗
- https://pypi.org/project/CairoSVG ↗
- https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-hq37-853p-g5cf ↗