ljharb/shell-quote · Security
shell-quote: `quote()` command injection via a line terminator in a token after a `{ comment }` token
- GHSA ID
- GHSA-pqg4-j6r4-53mv
- CVE ID
- CVE-2026-102422
- Severity
- critical
- Published
- Updated
- CVSS
- 8.1 · CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
- CVSS v3
- 8.1 · CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
- CVSS v4
- 9.2 · CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
Description
Impact
quote() emits a { comment } token as # followed by its text, which comments out the rest of the shell line, including the opening quote of any later string token. A line terminator in that later string ends the comment, and the rest of the string is parsed as shell input:
quote(['echo', 'ok', { comment: 'x' }, 'a\nid;#']);
// echo ok #x 'a
// id;#'
Passed to sh, bash, dash, ksh, or zsh, this runs id.
parse() emits a comment token for a # in the middle of a word (for example http://example.com/#frag), so callers that combine parse() output with another untrusted string, such as quote(parse(untrustedCommand).concat(untrustedArg)), are affected. The fix for CVE-2026-9277 rejected line terminators in the comment's own text, but not in the tokens after it.
Exploitation requires an attacker-controlled string containing a line terminator that follows a { comment } token in the same quote() call.
Patches
Fixed in v1.11.0: quote() throws a TypeError when a string after a { comment } token contains a line terminator (\n, \r, U+2028, or U+2029).
Workarounds
Drop every token after a { comment } token before calling quote(), or reject line terminators in untrusted strings. Separately, do not append other shell text after quote() output that contains a comment, since the comment swallows it.
CWEs
- CWE-78 · Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection')