python-zeroconf/python-zeroconf · Security
python-zeroconf: Unbounded TC-deferred queue allows LAN-local memory exhaustion via spoofed-source flood
- GHSA ID
- GHSA-9663-mqmp-p9mm
- CVE ID
- CVE-2026-48045
- Severity
- medium
- Published
- Updated
- CVSS
- 6.5 · CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
- CVSS v3
- 6.5 · CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
Description
Impact
AsyncListener.handle_query_or_defer retained every truncated (TC-bit) incoming query in self._deferred[addr] and armed a per-addr timer in self._timers[addr] that flushed the reassembled query within ~500 ms (RFC 6762 §18.5). Neither the per-addr list nor the number of distinct addr keys was capped, and the dedup check (for incoming in reversed(deferred): if incoming.data == msg.data) ran O(N) over the per-addr list on every arrival.
Any unauthenticated host on the local link (UDP/5353, 224.0.0.251 / ff02::fb) can stream byte-distinct TC-flagged mDNS queries — each up to _MAX_MSG_ABSOLUTE = 8966 bytes, with DNSIncoming retaining the raw data buffer plus parsed-record state. Trivially spoofed source IPs multiply the effect across _deferred / _timers, and the O(N) data compare burns CPU quadratically as each per-addr queue grows. On memory-constrained deployments (Home Assistant on Raspberry-Pi-class hardware is the canonical victim) sustained traffic OOM-kills the process; under lighter load, the per-arrival scan and event-loop scheduler starvation break unrelated zeroconf consumers (discovery, registration, ServiceBrowser callbacks).
Patches
Fixed in zeroconf 0.149.12 (PR #1751). Upgrade to >= 0.149.12.
Workarounds
There is no in-process workaround; upgrading is the fix. Otherwise, restrict mDNS (UDP/5353) to trusted Layer-2 segments via AP client isolation, guest-network separation, or host firewall rules.
Resources
- PR #1751, fix
- RFC 6762 §18.5, CWE-400
CWEs
- CWE-400 · Uncontrolled Resource Consumption
- CWE-770 · Allocation of Resources Without Limits or Throttling
References
- https://github.com/python-zeroconf/python-zeroconf/security/advisories/GHSA-9663-mqmp-p9mm ↗
- https://github.com/python-zeroconf/python-zeroconf/pull/1751 ↗
- https://github.com/python-zeroconf/python-zeroconf/commit/b22c8ff19c66c68907d220a4823c0950f4fa93f7 ↗
- https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-9663-mqmp-p9mm ↗